This chapter describes hedging instruments that limit or remove the currency risk forward markets futures markets and options markets are defined and compared an example of each type of basic hedging instrument is provided to make it easier for students to understand the similarities and differences for each instrument. Chapter 004 forward looking market instruments jan 02 2021 posted by stephen king media text id 446a25bb online pdf ebook epub library more forward looking the basic accounting statements there are three basic accounting statements that summarize information about a firm the first is the balance sheet. International money finance chapter 4 forward looking market instruments michael melvin and stefan norrbin outline of this chapter fluctuations in exchange rate increase uncertainties and discourage trade market finds methods to hedge against risk of exchange rate movements in this chapter we will study some of these hedging methods forward rates swaps futures options example . Forward looking market instruments a forward exchange rate is the price of a money to be delivered at a future date forward contracts are established between a bank and a customer and specify amount and date as well as the exchange rate a forward premium exists when the forward price spot price a forward discount exists when the forward price spot price premiums and discounts may be . Chapter forward looking market instruments december 2017 doi 101016 b978 0 12 804106 200004 6 in book international money and finance pp87 103 authors michael melvin stefan norrbin